Stats Glossary — Super Innings

Batting · Headline & Rate

PA-denominated rate stats and league-relative indices.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
PAVG	Plate Average	Hits divided by plate appearances (H / PA). O27's headline batting average — denominated by PA rather than AB so the 2C mechanic doesn't distort it.
BAVG	Batting Average	Traditional hits per at-bat (H / AB). Shown alongside PAVG; the gap between them (Δ2C) is the value added by Second-Chance at-bats.
AVG	Batting Average	Alias of PAVG (H / PA) in the native view. On the leaderboard's MLB-Equivalent (XO) cards it's the crossover-scaled value; natively O27 leads with PAVG.
OBP	On-Base Percentage	Rate of reaching base safely, PA-denominated: (H + BB + HBP) / PA.
SLG	Slugging Percentage	Total bases per plate appearance (TB / PA) — weights extra-base hits by their base value. PA-denominated like the rest of O27's rate stats, so it reads cleanly across multi-hit 2C at-bats.
OPS	On-Base Plus Slugging	OBP + SLG. A quick one-number read of overall offensive production.
OPS+	OPS Plus	OPS relative to league average, scaled so 100 = league average and higher is better.
ISO	Isolated Power	SLG − PAVG (both PA-denominated) = extra bases per plate appearance. Measures raw extra-base power, stripping out singles.
BABIP	Batting Avg on Balls in Play	Hit rate on balls put in play (excludes HR and strikeouts). High values can signal good contact or good luck.
wOBA	Weighted On-Base Average	O27-tuned linear weights, PA-denominated. Each offensive event is weighted by its run value, then scaled to the OBP range.
wOBA+	wOBA Plus	wOBA relative to league average (100 = average, higher = better).
wRC+	Weighted Runs Created Plus	Park-adjusted, league-relative offense. 100 = league average at this park; >100 = better than league after stripping park bias.

Batting · Power & Counting

Raw totals.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
HR	Home Runs	Home runs hit.
RBI	Runs Batted In	Runs driven in by the batter.
H	Hits	Total hits.
R	Runs	Runs scored.
SB	Stolen Bases	Bases stolen successfully.
FO	Foul-Outs	Times the batter was retired under the O27 3-foul rule (three fouls in a PA = out). A subset of total outs, tracked separately from strikeouts.
FO%	Foul-Out Rate	Foul-outs per plate appearance (FO / PA) — how often a hitter fouls himself out. O27-specific; lower is better for the batter.

Batting · O27-Native (Second Chance)

The load-bearing O27 mechanic: on a contact event the batter may take a second chance (spend a strike from their AB budget) instead of running.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
2C	Second-Chance ABs	Contact events where the batter took a second chance (spending a strike) instead of running. The signature O27 decision.
2C-H	Second-Chance Hits	Hits credited on 2C events (a subset of total H).
2C-Conv%	Second-Chance Conversion %	Fraction of 2C events that credited a hit. Talent-weighted by the batter's eye vs the pitcher's command on subsequent swings.
2C-RBI	Second-Chance RBI	RBI driven by 2C events — surfaces 2C-mechanic specialists.
2C-RBI%	Second-Chance RBI Share	Share of the batter's total RBI that came from 2C events.
Δ2C	2C Average Lift	BAVG − PAVG; quantifies the hit value added by the Second-Chance mechanic.

Batting · Runner Advancement

How well a batter moves the runners already on base. The starting base refers to where the runner began the PA, NOT the hit type.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
1B%	Advance from First %	Rate at which the runner who started on FIRST advanced to a higher base or scored during this batter's PA.
2B%	Advance from Second %	Rate at which the runner who started on SECOND advanced to third or scored during this batter's PA.
3B%	Advance from Third %	Rate at which the runner who started on THIRD scored during this batter's PA — the pure RBI-conversion metric.
All%	Overall Advancement %	Overall advancement rate across all PAs with any runner on base. Composite of 1B%/2B%/3B% weighted by opportunity.
RAD	Runners Advanced	Total bases gained by runners during this batter's PAs. The runner-movement analogue of MLB Total Bases.

Batting · Small Ball (Bunting)

Bunting production across four play types — sacrifice, bunt-for-hit/drag, and the suicide & safety squeeze. Calls are driven by a player's bunt rating (bat control, distinct from foot speed) and the manager's run-game tendency.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
SH	Sacrifice Hits	Successful sacrifice bunts — a plate appearance (not an at-bat) that traded an out to advance a runner. Includes a scoring squeeze.
Bunt H	Bunt Hits	Bunt singles — drag bunts, sacrifices beaten out, or a squeeze legged out. A subset of total hits.
Bunts	Bunt Attempts	Total bunt plate appearances across all four types.
Sqz	Squeeze Plays	Squeeze attempts with a runner on third (suicide or safety).
Sqz RBI	Squeeze RBI	Runs driven home from third base on a squeeze bunt.

Batting · Clutch (RISP)

Performance with runners in scoring position — a runner on 2B and/or 3B at the plate appearance's start. The recorded-outcome companion to the engine's RISP-pressure model: how well a bat actually cashes runners in. PA-denominated, like the headline rates (per-AB RISP rates are unreliable in O27 because a single AB can credit multiple hits via stays).

Abbr	Name	Meaning
RISP-AVG	Batting Average with RISP	Hits per plate appearance with a runner in scoring position (H/PA).
RISP-OBP	On-Base with RISP	(H + BB + HBP) / PA in RISP situations.
RISP-SLG	Slugging with RISP	Total bases per PA in RISP situations.
RISP-OPS	OPS with RISP	RISP-OBP + RISP-SLG — the headline clutch-hitting rate.
RISP-RBI	RBI with RISP	RBI driven in while a runner was in scoring position. Typically the large majority of a hitter's RBI.
RISP-Conv	RISP Cash-In Rate	RBI per plate appearance with RISP — how often a RISP chance is converted into a run driven in.

Fielding

PO/E credited per fielder via position-weighted attribution on each ball in play.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
PO	Putouts	Outs recorded as the primary fielder on a play.
A	Assists	Throwing outs and double/triple-play chain pivots.
TC	Total Chances	PO + A + E — total fielding opportunities.
RF	Range Factor	(PO + A) × 27 / outs the fielder's team played. Higher = more involvement per inning.
FldPct	Fielding Percentage	(PO + A) / (PO + A + E). Share of chances handled cleanly.
E	Errors	Misplays charged to the fielder. Lower is better.
DRS	Defensive Runs Saved	Runs a fielder saved (or cost) relative to an average defender at the position.

Power Play / Short-handed

Optional-rule stats, populated in leagues that enabled the Power Play (the fielding manager may deploy a 10th defender — the nickel fielder — for a short use-or-lose window). 'Power Play' is the deploying defense and the pitcher it backs; 'short-handed' is the offense facing it a man down — much like NHL power-play / penalty-kill splits.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
PPD	Power Plays Deployed	Windows this player started as the nickel fielder (the 10th defender).
PPO	Power Play Outs	Outs the nickel's deployment windows covered — the time he was on the field.
XBHH	Extra-Base Hits Held	Doubles/triples the nickel cut down to singles by covering the outfield gap while deployed.
HC	Hits Converted	Shallow outfield singles the nickel ran down and turned into outs while deployed.
NF-PO	Nickel Putouts	Putouts recorded while playing as the nickel fielder (position NF).
SH-AVG	Short-handed Average	Batting average (hits / at-bats) for plate appearances taken while the opposing defense had its nickel fielder deployed.
SH-H	Short-handed Hits	Hits recorded against a deployed nickel fielder.
SH-PA	Short-handed Plate Appearances	Plate appearances taken while the opposing defense had its nickel deployed.
PP-BABIP	Power Play BABIP-against	Batting average on balls in play allowed while the pitcher had the nickel deployed behind him. Lower means the loaded defense suppressed more hits.
BABIP Δ	Power Play BABIP Split	PP-BABIP minus the pitcher's BABIP-against without the nickel. Negative = the 10th fielder lowered his BABIP-against.
PP-K%	Power Play Strikeout Rate	Strikeouts per batter faced while the nickel was deployed. Defense-independent — strikeouts never reach the extra fielder.
PP-BB%	Power Play Walk Rate	Walks per batter faced while the nickel was deployed. Defense-independent (lower is better).
PP-Cov%	Power Play Coverage	Share of the pitcher's total outs recorded with the nickel behind him — how often the manager has the extra fielder out there for this arm.
PP-BF	Power Play Batters Faced	Batters faced with the nickel deployed behind him.
H-Saved	Hits Saved Behind Him	Singles the nickel ran down for outs while this pitcher was on the mound.
XBH-Saved	Extra-Base Hits Saved Behind Him	Extra-base hits the nickel held to singles while this pitcher was on the mound.

Pitching · Result-Tier

O27's run-prevention trio. The 27-out structure and lineup-cycling make raw ERA misleading, so these correct for arc position and contact quality.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
wERA	Weighted ERA	Earned runs weighted by arc position (outs 1-9 ×0.85, 10-18 ×1.00, 19-27 ×1.20), league-anchored to raw ER/27. Lower is better.
wERA+	Weighted ERA Plus	Park-adjusted, league-relative wERA on the ERA+ scale (100 = average, higher = better).
xRA	Expected Runs Allowed	Non-negative linear-weights estimate of runs allowed (HR≈1.4, single≈0.45, BB/HBP≈0.32), anchored so league xRA = league wERA. Lower is better.
RA/27	Runs Allowed per 27 Outs	All runs allowed (earned + unearned) on the same 27-out scale as wERA/xRA — the runs-allowed sibling of ERA. Because it includes Walk-Back and passed-ball runs that ERA excludes, the RA/27 − wERA gap surfaces the run damage the earned-run stats hide. Lower is better.
Decay	Late-Arc Decay (Fatigue)	The FATIGUE/arc axis: drift-corrected fade in K% from arc-1 (outs 1-9) to arc-3 (outs 19-27). 0 = matches league norm; positive = fades worse; negative = holds up better. Measures how the long arc wears a pitcher down. The separate FAMILIARITY axis — how a lineup times him up across repeat looks — is the Deception grade + Times-Through-the-Order splits (almanac). Lower is better.
Dec	Deception Grade	20-80 scouting grade for how un-timeable a pitcher's arsenal stays across a 27-out arc, from the repertoire-weighted timing-resistance of his pitches. Knuckle / eephus / softball-junk arms grade high (un-timeable); pure-velocity arms grade low (figured out by the 4th look). 50 = league-neutral. The familiarity-axis complement to Decay's fatigue axis.
GB%	Groundball Rate	Share of balls in play hit on the ground (launch angle < 10°). Now genuinely pitch-driven via per-pitch launch-angle bias — sinkers, peeled drops and drop knucks run high; riseballs and rise knucks run low. Paired with LD%/FB% and GO/AO (groundout-to-airout ratio) as the batted-ball profile.
TTOk	Times-Through K-Decay	K% points lost from the 1st time facing a hitter in a game to the 3rd+ time, from engine-side times-through-the-order counters (the FAMILIARITY axis, sibling to Decay's fatigue axis). Positive = the lineup figures him out across repeat looks; ~0 / negative = he holds his whiffs as familiarity grows (the deception arbitrage). A small-sample split — meaningful in aggregate / over a full season.
TTOΔ	Times-Through Hard-Hit Δ	The contact-quality companion to TTO K-Decay: change in hard-hit% allowed from the 1st to the 3rd+ look (from the batted-ball log). Positive = hitters square him up more with familiarity.
LateK%	Late K Rate	Arc-3 K% (outs 19-27, including foul-outs). The short-relief sibling to Decay for arms that never see arc-1 sample.
GSc+	Game Score Plus	League-relative Game Score (100 = league average, higher = better).
GSc Index	Game Score Index	Z-score-normalized Game Score on a 100/15 scale. Accounts for the spread of pitcher talent, so it's comparable across league sizes.
FOP	Fielding-Omitted Pitching	Fielding-independent pitching index on a 0–100 scale (50 = league average, higher = better). The DIPS sibling of Game Score: built only from the true outcomes a pitcher controls (K + foul-outs, BB + HBP, HR), so defense and BABIP luck never touch it — the 'O' nods to O27's native foul-outs, folded into the strikeout term. Bounded, so a dominant short outing caps near 100 instead of running off the scale the way a raw rate would. Underlying value is a foul-out-inclusive DIPS ERA squashed to 0–100.
DIPS-ERA	DIPS ERA (FO-inclusive)	Fielding-independent ERA-scale estimate behind FOP: (13·HR + 3·(BB+HBP) − 2·(K+FO)) / IP + league constant. Like FIP but credits O27 foul-outs as strikeouts, and anchored so league DIPS-ERA equals league ERA. Lower is better.

Pitching · Workload & Stuff

Per-appearance volume and dominance.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
GSc avg	Game Score (avg)	Average per-appearance Game Score (50 = neutral, 100 = perfection).
OS+	Outs Share Plus	League-relative outs per appearance (100 = average). A workload index.
GE	Game Equivalents	Total workload expressed in complete-game-worths (one full O27 game = 27 outs), so total_outs / 27. The Out-Share-native synthetic workload number; synthetic IP is just GE × 9.
K%	Strikeout Rate	(K + foul-outs) / batters faced. O27 K% counts foul-outs as strikeouts.
BB%	Walk Rate	Walks per batter faced. Lower is better.
K-BB%	K minus BB Rate	(K − BB) / batters faced. A quick-read dominance signal.
FO%	Foul-Out Rate	Foul-outs induced per batter faced (FO / BF) — how often a pitcher fouls hitters out. The foul-out slice of the K% blend; higher is better.

Pitching · Counting & Value

Raw totals and wins above replacement.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
W	Wins	Wins credited. An SP earns it with ≥12 outs and the lead; otherwise the most-effective reliever.
K	Strikeouts	Strikeouts recorded.
FO	Foul-Outs Induced	Batters the pitcher retired under the O27 3-foul rule. Tracked separately from strikeouts, though K% folds the two together.
Outs	Outs Recorded	Pitcher workload in outs (one full O27 game = 27).
WAR	Wins Above Replacement	Total value over a replacement-level player, in wins. Uses an O27-fitted runs-per-win factor (~21 vs MLB's ~10).

Pitching · Walk-Back & Arsenal

O27-specific rules and pitch-mix usage.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
Walk-Back Stop%	Walk-Back Stop Rate	Strand rate for the rule-placed Walk-Back runner. After every HR, the next PA can drive home the HR-hitter from 3B for an extra unearned run. Higher = better.
FB%	Fastball Usage	Share of typed pitches that were fastballs (4-seam / sinker / cutter).
BR%	Breaking-Ball Usage	Share of typed pitches that were breaking balls (slider / curve / screwball / gyroball / spitter / peeled drop).
OFF%	Off-Speed Usage	Share of typed pitches that were off-speed or deception junk (change / split / palm / knuckle / eephus, plus the softball-derived riseball, backhand change, sky eephus, and the slither / drop / rise knuckle variants).

Pitching · Relief & Finisher

O27 has no innings and no save rule, so relief value is measured structure-agnostically: leverage at entry, cleanup of inherited runners, and run prevention in the heavy final arc — letting any usage pattern (a one-out specialist, a deep ladder, or a back-stage 'finisher-starter') be compared on the same footing.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
IR-Stop%	Inherited-Runners Stranded %	Of the runners on base when this pitcher entered, the share he stranded: (IR − IR-scored) / IR. Higher = better. The one relief skill no rule structure can obsolete.
gmLI	Entered Leverage	Average Leverage Index at the moment he entered a game (first PA of each appearance). Shows who gets the high-stakes calls. 1.0 = league norm; >1 = disproportionately high-stakes entries.
Late ER/BF	Late-Arc Run Prevention	Earned runs allowed per batter faced in the final arc (outs 19-27) — the heavy-leverage third where close games are decided. Lower = better finisher, regardless of how many outs he threw.
TO	Terminal Outs	Outs recorded in a game he entered with a lead, never let be tied or lost, and finished. Scales with the role: a one-out closer gets ~3, a back-stage finisher-starter who seals the final third gets ~9+. The counting measure of who really closes games.
QF	Quality Finish	The inverse of a Quality Start: entered and sealed 9+ of the final outs while never trailing (lead or tie), regardless of save situation. Separates high-volume finishers from one-out specialists.
LRA	Lead-Retention Average	Of the games he entered with a lead, the share he held without letting it be tied or lost on his watch, on a 0–10 scale (a perfect 10.00 = never blew a lead; 8.50 = held 85% of them). Read against outs-per-appearance it splits short-relief specialists from back-stage starters.

Pitching · MLB-Readable Rates

Familiar MLB-shaped rate stats. On the leaderboard these honor the XO Crossover toggle; the MLB-Equivalent section always shows the z-anchored version.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
ERA	Earned Run Average	Earned runs × 27 / outs (O27's 27-out game). Lower is better.
WHIP	Walks + Hits per IP	(BB + H) per inning pitched. Lower is better.
K/9	Strikeouts per 9	Strikeouts per nine innings. Higher is better.
BB/9	Walks per 9	Walks per nine innings. Lower is better.
HR/9	Home Runs per 9	Home runs allowed per nine innings. Lower is better.
oAVG	Opponent Batting Average	Batting average of the hitters this pitcher faced. Lower is better.
oOBP	Opponent On-Base %	On-base percentage allowed. Lower is better.
oSLG	Opponent Slugging	Slugging percentage allowed. Lower is better.
oOPS	Opponent OPS	OBP + SLG allowed. Lower is better.
BABIP	Opponent BABIP	Batting average on balls in play allowed (excludes HR and strikeouts).

Win Probability & Leverage

Built empirically from this league's own outcomes — every PA's pre/post state joined to the final result.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
WPA	Win Probability Added	Sum of the win-probability swing across a player's PAs. Positive = the player moved the needle for his team.
LI	Leverage Index (avg)	Average leverage of the situations a player appeared in. 1.0 = league norm; >1 = disproportionately high-stakes spots.

MLB-Equivalent (XO Crossover)

O27 rate stats z-anchored to MLB league mean and spread, so the numbers read like MLB stats while preserving rank order exactly. Formula: xo = MLB_mean + ((value − O27_mean) / O27_sd) × MLB_sd. XO is a reading layer — it never changes an underlying calculation. Counting stats (HR, RBI, K) have no XO equivalent and pass through unchanged.

Abbr	Name	Meaning
XO	Crossover	The crossover scale itself. Any rate stat shown on the XO scale carries the same player ranking as its native version — only the number translates to an MLB-readable value.